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Our universe may not be expanding as fast as thought: Study

April 11, 2015 By Carrie Davis Leave a Comment

1.13743-C0141244-Black_hole,_artwork-SPL-1

The pace of expansion of our universe may not be as fast as we have believed, according to a new study.

The study, which was conducted by a team of astronomers from the University of Arizona, showed that there exist certain types of exploding stars or supernovae that are more diverse than earlier thought. The results have implications for major cosmological queries, like at what acceleration is our universe expanding since the major Big Bang phenomenon.

The astronomers found that type Ia supernovae fall into different populations. So far, type Ia supernovae have been considered very uniform and this is the reason why the cosmologists have used them as cosmic beacons in order to plumb the universe’s depths.

The results are analogous to sampling a 100-watt light bulbs selection at the hardware store and uncovering that they differ in brightness.

Peter A. Milne, study lead author, said that they discovered the variance is not random. However, they lead to split of Ia supernovae into two groups, where the minority group near them are in the majority at large distances and thus when our universe was younger.

 

The latest discovery has thrown light on the currently approved view of the universe that is expanding at an unexpectedly faster rate, which is pulled apart by a badly understood force known as dark energy.

Concluding the study, the authors said that some of the acceleration of the universe reported so far can be clearly explained by the differences in color between the two supernovae groups, which will leave less acceleration than reported initially. In turn, this would need lesser dark energy than it was currently assumed.

The findings of the study were published in the Astrophysical Journal.

Filed Under: Discovery Tagged With: Big Bang, Peter A. Milne, type Ia supernovae, Universe, universe expansion, University of Arizona

CERN restarts Large Hadron Collider after two years to study Big Bang

April 6, 2015 By Doyle Buehler Leave a Comment

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The scientists across the globe looked on with bated breath as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was restarted on Sunday at CERN, a particle physics laboratory near Geneva, after being kept in the shutdown mode for an important upgrade for almost two years since February 14, 2013.

“Congratulations…Now the hard work starts,” Rolf-Dieter Heuer, CERN director general told thousands of employees from the control room upon successful restart of the LHC.

[Press Release] Proton beams are back in the LHC http://t.co/OMgJ6w84Cr #RestartLHC pic.twitter.com/rdTsuCkWLk

— CERNpress (@CERNpress) April 5, 2015

Today’s the day! Beams to circulate in the LHC for 1st time in 2 years. Follow the action here http://t.co/gpstfXp2mT #RestartLHC

— CERN (@CERN) April 5, 2015

According to the scientists, the LHC will take roughly a month when the results of the first collisions will start appearing.

Once the LHC starts working in full swing, the priority of physicists will be to discover the dark matter during current run.

The dark matter is the invisible material that constitutes over 25 percent of the universe.

The discovery of the hidden extra dimensions will be equally important as it will explain the reason behind the weakness of gravity as compared to other forces of nature. Moreover, it will offer an explanation for why the world is not composed of anti-matter.

The scientists behind the project will be well equipped with the latest modifications of the Large Hadron Collider. The LHC has been equipped with safer magnets having Quench protection. This will help in dissipating energy in a more controlled manner. The most exciting transformation for the scientists will be the higher energy of the proton beam. According to the scientists, LHC can now circulate the beams of 13 Trillion electron Volts (TeV) which is five notches above the previous 8 TeV.

This will result in high energetic collisions, making the chances of detecting newer particles brighter. To raise the collisions rate, the lag between two proton packets was lowered to 25 nanoseconds from the earlier 50 nanoseconds.

The scientists have also tried to make the Large Hadron Collider machine safer with the use of radiation resistant electronics. Moreover, the scientists used non-evaporating getter inhibiting electron cloud buildup for covering the interiors of the vacuum tube.

 

Filed Under: Discovery Tagged With: Big Bang, CERN, Large Hadron Collider, Rolf-Dieter Heuer, Solar System

CERN scientists delay Large Hadron Collider re-launch over electric snag 

March 25, 2015 By Dave Smith

lhc

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) witnessed a technical snag as a short-circuit was developed in the wiring of one of its important magnets, forcing the scientists at the CERN research centre in Europe to postpone the much-awaited re-launch aimed at studying the ‘Big Bang’ theory.

“Current indications suggest a delay of between a few days and several weeks,” CERN research centre said in a statement on Tuesday.

On Wednesday, the engineers at the leading particle physics research centre of the world are expected to begin pumping of proton beams in opposite directions in two 27 kilometers-long underground tubes in Large Hadron Collider, which has been shut down for the past two years for undergoing the refit procedure.

That would have been the introduction to the beginning of collisions of the particle in late May at two times the power of those in the first runs of LHC between 2010 and 2013.

The collision of particles inside the Large Hadron Collidor is designed in such a way that it could mimic the conditions that must have prevailed just after the Big Bang that led to the creation of the universe.

The CERN scientists made a major breakthrough in the year 2012 when they announced the discovery of a new subatomic particle which is the basic building block of our universe.

The new subatomic particle seemed to be the boson that was imagined and named around half a century before by renowned physicist Peter Higgs.

The CERN scientists were disappointed over the last-minute technical glitch that erupted in just one of the eight sectors of the underground ‘Big Bang’ machine that have been rewired and thoroughly checked during the closedown.

 

Filed Under: Discovery Tagged With: Big Bang, CERN, formation of solar system, formation of universe, Large Hadron Collider, LHC, LHC relaunch, Peter Higgs

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